Monocondylic skull.īeneath the foramen magnum two occipital condyles with paroccipital process are present. Supra occipital, Exocci pitals & basioccipital bones are also present. Monocondylic skull.īeneath the foramen magnum single occipital condyle is present. Dicondylic skullīeneath the foramen magnum a single occipital condyle is present.suupraoccipitai, exo occipitals,& basi occipital bones are also present in the occipital region. On either side of the foramen, magnum dorsolaterally exoccipital bones are present. Dicondylic skull.īeneath the foramen magnum, there are two occipital condyles. On either side of this concavity is a prominence - occipital condyle articulates with the first vertebra, occipital crest is formed. It is divided into occipital auditory, optic orbital & olfactory regions.īeneath the foramen magnum, a deep concavity is present. It forms the middle hollow part of the skull. It is divided into occipital, auditory, optic orbital, and olfactory regions. It forms the posterior median hollow part of the skull. It is divided into occipital, auditory, orbital, olfactory, and optic regions. It forms the median hollow part of the skull. It is divided into auditory, olfactory, and occipital regions. It is divided into occipital, auditory, orbital, and ethmoidal regions. It is more or less a violin box open in front and behind with an arched roof and flattened floor. It consists of a cranium, sense capsules, jaws, and hyoid apparatus. It consists of the cranium, sense capsules, and visceral arches. Skull is formed mostly with bony tissues. Skull is formed mostly with bony tissues (but tadpole skull is cartilaginous) The upper jaw and lower jaw are known as Maxilla and Mandible respectively: Table 766.1: Comparative Anatomy: Skull of fish, frog, lizard, bird, and rabbit S. The visceral arches are collectively known as the splanchnic cranium. The second arch is the hyoid arch and the remaining five arches are termed bronchial arches. The two jaws articulate their hind ends by hinge joints which enable the mouth to open & close. The wide gap between the two jaws is the mouth. It also bears the teeth and forms the lower jaw. The ventral half of the mandibular arch is called Meckel's cartilage. Each side of the dorsal half is termed the palato -pterygoid Quadrate Cartilage. The first one is the largest and highly modified - 'Mandibular arch. Mostly seven visceral arches are present. The visceral arches develop around the anterior (Pharyngeal) part of the embryonic gut from the cells of neural crests. The cartilaginous cranium is called chondrocranium and the bony cranium is called dermato cranium. These are known as olfactory, optic, and auditory capsules respectively. Cranium includes three pairs of capsules for smell, sight, and hearing. The cranium is developed from the mesodermal cells soon after the appearance of the brain. The skull includes two major parts - 'Cranium' enclosing the brain and the organs of special sense and Visceral arches' which form the jaws and framework of the pharyngeal wall. The skull develops in the head of the animal body.
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